Le khasi laguqulelwa ngokuzenzakalela kusuka ngesiNgisi futhi ayikho ebuyekezwe ngumhumushi. Izimo zomthetho nezomthetho zingaba ziyiphutha. Uhlobo lwesiNgisi luyinguqulo egunyaziwe. Funda le khasi ngesiNgisi
Xhumana nommeli

i-Europe (EU)

i-Netherlands

I-Netherlands iyindawo enkulu yebhange le-euro kanye nemakethe yamadiphozithi ene-fintech enamandla kanye nohlelo lokukhokha oluse-Amsterdam. Ukuqapha okuqinile kuhlala ku-De Nederlandsche Bank (ne-ECB kumabhange) ngenkathi i-AFM ihlola ukuziphatha, amafemu wokutshala imali kanye nabahlinzeki bezinsizakalo ze-crypto-asset.

Isibhamu sengoziIsiqephu
FATFAkukho kuluhlu
EU AML uhlu lwengozi ephezuluAkukho kuluhlu
i-EU tax listAkukho kuluhlu
Izinhlelo zelayisense6
Imalii-EUR
Izinga le-S&PAAA
Ukhetho Olulandelayo2030

The Netherlands is not on the FATF grey or black lists (plenary of 19 June 2026); njengezwe elingumlungu we-EU lingaphandle kohlelo lohlu lwezwe lesithathu elinomthelela omkhulu e-EU (Imithetho egunyaziwe 2016/1675, iqoqwe 29 ngoJanuwari 2026) kanye nohlu lwezimali ze-EU (Isiqephu I, kubuyekeziwe 17 ngoFebhuwari 2026). Kuhlolwe 7 Okthoba 2026.

Umbuso nepolitiki

UMbuso
I-parliamentary constitutional monarchy
u-King
Willem-Alexander · kusukela ngoAprili 2013
uMphathiswa Omkhulu
uRob Jetten (iDemocrats 66 (D66))
Amaqembu alawulayo
AmaDemokhrasi 66 (D66), i-People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), i-Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA)
Ukhetho oludlule
Ukhetho oluphelele (iHouse of Representatives), ngo-Okthoba 29, 2025
Ukhetho Olulandelayo
Ukhetho oluphelele (iHouse of Representatives), luzokwenzeka ngo-2030. UJetten uphethe i-kabinethi encane enezindawo ezingu-66 kwezingu-150; iThe Hague iyindawo yombuso
Umthethosivivinywa
I-States General: iHouse of Representatives (amasevisi angama-150) neSenate (amasevisi angama-75)
Indlela yomthetho
Umthetho wesizwe osekelwe kuhlelo lwesiFulentshi

Economics and finance

Abahlali
18.1m (2025)
I-GDP
i-USD 1.3tn (2025)
I-GDP ngamuntu
US$73,833 (2025)
Imali
i-euro (EUR), i-euro (ehambayo, elawulwa yi ECB njengengxenye ye-Eurosystem)
Ibhange Eliphakathi
I-De Nederlandsche Bank (ingxenye ye-Eurosystem)
Izinga lemali
I-S&P AAA (eqinile) · i-Moody's Aaa (eqinile) · i-Fitch AAA (eqinile) (ngoJanuwari 2026)

I-Amsterdam iyindawo yokuhweba kanye nokuthuthwa kwezimpahla eyenziwe ngaphesheya komgwaqo waseRotterdam, enezimboni ezinamandla zezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, zezinsiza zokudla nezitshalo; i-Amsterdam iyisikhungo esibalulekile sokuhweba kwezimali, amathuluzi wezimali zokukhokha izinkokhelo nesakhiwo senkampani.

Ibhange

Ilayisense lokuqhubeka nomsebenzi webhange

Imali encanei-USD 5.6m
IsikhathiDNB: isikhathi sokuqwashisa esisemthethweni sezinsuku ezingu-26 kusukela kubhekwe isicelo; kungathatha isikhathi eside uma ifayela aliphelele
IgunyaECB, ngesicelo esiphathwa yi-DNB

Izigidi ezingama-EUR 5 ezincane zezimali zomuntu siqu zebhange (Bpr art. 48(1)(a)); izigidi ezingama-EUR 2.5 zebhange elihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokutshala imali (art. 48(1)(b))

Umthetho
Wet op het financieel toezicht (Wft) art. 3:53 (minimum own funds); Besluit prudentiële regels Wft art. 48(1)(a); Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 art. 14
Izindleko
DNB charges a one-off application fee set in the Regulation on the financing of financial supervision of one-off actions (Dutch only); inani alicacisiwe kwikhasi le-DNB
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti
Yebo: ipasipoti ye-EU ngaphansi kwe CRD (iMibandela 33 kuya ku-39) yezifunda kanye nezinsizakalo ezidlula emgwaqweni
Izidingo ezibalulekile
  • Ikheli elibhalisiwe eNetherlands
  • Isigaba sokuqala esingasemthethweni ne-DNB (izinhlelo zebhizinisi kanye nohlelo lokufaka isicelo) ngaphambi kokufaka ngokusemthethweni
  • Inhlangano yokulawula efanelekayo kanye nabanikazi bezimali abafanele
  • Izinhlelo zebhizinisi ezibhekene nemali edingekayo, ukuphathwa nokuphatha umngcipheko
Sources(7)
  1. DNB: Licence as a bank (overview) · checked 2026-10-07
  2. DNB: Bank licence application process (12 steps), 26-week statutory period · checked 2026-10-07
  3. DNB: Bank licence application fees · checked 2026-10-07
  4. wetten.overheid.nl: Besluit prudentiële regels Wft (BWBR0020420), art. 48 minimum own funds · checked 2026-10-07
  5. wetten.overheid.nl: Wet op het financieel toezicht (BWBR0020368), art. 3:53 · checked 2026-10-07
  6. ECB Banking Supervision: Authorisation (licensing) · checked 2026-10-07
  7. EUR-Lex: Directive 2013/36/EU (CRD), Art. 12 initial capital and Art. 15 decision deadline (consolidated) · checked 2026-10-07
Inhlangano yemali-elektroniki

Igunya lenhlangano yemali ephathekayo

Imali encanei-USD 392k
IsikhathiPSD2/EMD2 isikhathi sokuthatha isigqibo sezinsuku ze 3 ezisuka ekutholeni isicelo esiphelele; I-DNB iphawula ukuthi ingadinga isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu uma ulwazi
IgunyaI-DNB

Ama-EUR 350,000 aphansi ezimalini zomuntu siqu (Bpr art. 48(1)(n)); ama-euro aqhubekayo okungenani angama-2% wesilinganiso semali ye-e-engekho (EMD2 art. 5)

Umthetho
Wft (licensing requirement for issuing e-money) and art. 3:53; Bpr art. 48(1)(n)
Izindleko
DNB charges a one-off application fee set in the Regulation on the financing of financial supervision of one-off actions (Dutch only); inani alicacisiwe kwikhasi le-DNB
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti
Yebo: ipasipoti ye-EU ngaphansi kwe EMD2/PSD2 ngebhange, ummeli, umhlinzeki noma ukuhlinzekwa mahhala kwezinsizakalo
Izidingo ezibalulekile
  • Ten-step DNB application process using the DNB application form
  • Ukuhlolwa okulungile nokunembile kwabakhiqizi bemithetho
  • Ukuvikelwa kwezinkokhelo ezifunyenwe ngemali ye-e
  • Imisebenzi yebhizinisi ezwakalayo nelawulwayo kanye ne AML/CFT iphrojekthi
Sources(4)
  1. DNB: Authorisation as an electronic money institution (overview) · checked 2026-10-07
  2. DNB: EMI application process (10 steps) · checked 2026-10-07
  3. wetten.overheid.nl: Besluit prudentiële regels Wft (BWBR0020420), art. 48 minimum own funds · checked 2026-10-07
  4. EUR-Lex: Directive 2009/110/EC (EMD2), Art. 4 initial capital and Art. 5 own funds · checked 2026-10-07
Umhlinzeki wezinsizakalo zokukhokha (PSP)

Ilayisense lenhlangano yokukhokha

Imali encanei-USD 140k
IsikhathiPSD2 Art. 12: isigqibo ngaphakathi 3 kwezinyanga zesicelo esiphelele
IgunyaI-DNB

I-EUR 125,000 yezinsizakalo zokukhokha ezingu-1 kuya ku-5; i-EUR 50,000 yokuqalisa ukukhokha kuphela; i-EUR 20,000 yokuthumela imali kuphela (Bpr art. 48(1)(j) kuya ku-(l))

Umthetho
Wft (licensing requirement for payment service providers, implementing PSD2) and art. 3:53; Bpr art. 48(1)(j) to (l)
Izindleko
DNB charges a one-off application fee set in the Regulation on the financing of financial supervision of one-off actions (Dutch only); inani alicacisiwe kwikhasi le-DNB
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti
Yebo: ipasipoti ye-EU ngaphansi kwe PSD2 Art. 28 (ibhange, ummeli noma ukuhlinzekwa mahhala kwezinsiza)
Izidingo ezibalulekile
  • Izoqala kuphela ukusebenza ngemuva kokuthi i-DNB ikhiphe ilayisense noma ibhalise njengengavunyelwanga
  • Ten-step DNB application process using the DNB application form
  • Ukufaneleka nokunethezeka kwabakhiqizi benqubomgomo kanye nokuvikelwa kwemali yamakhasimende
  • Inqubo yokufaka izibopho etholakalayo yemisebenzi emincane (ubhaliso ku-DNB)
Sources(3)
  1. DNB: Licensing requirement for payment service providers (overview) · checked 2026-10-07
  2. wetten.overheid.nl: Besluit prudentiële regels Wft (BWBR0020420), art. 48 minimum own funds · checked 2026-10-07
  3. EUR-Lex: Directive (EU) 2015/2366 (PSD2), Art. 7 initial capital and Art. 12 decision deadline · checked 2026-10-07
Umhlinzeki wenkonzo yezinto ezibonakalayo (VASP)

Ugunyazo lwe-crypto-asset service provider (CASP) ngezansi MiCA

Imali encanei-USD 56k
IsikhathiMiCA Isigaba 63: izinsuku ezingu-25 zokusebenza ukubheka ukuthi kuphelele yini, bese ziyizinsuku eziyi-40 zokusebenza ukukhetha isicelo esigcwele (ihora lingahlehliswa uma kunezicelo zemininingwane)
IgunyaI-AFM

MiCA Isigaba 67 neSihluthulelo IV: i-EUR 50,000 (isigaba 1: ukuphatha izicelo, ukubeka, ukudlulisa izinsizakalo, ukufinyelela nokudluliselwa, insizakalo, ukuphathwa kwempahla), i-EUR 125,000 (isigaba 2: ukuhlanganisa ukugcinwa nokulawula, kanye nokushintshana kwemali noma ezinye izinto ezingekho emthethweni), i-EUR 150,000 (isigaba 3: ukuhlanganisa ukusebenza kwephrojekthi yokuhweba); noma isigamu semali ekhokhwayo yonyaka odlule uma iphezulu

Umthetho
Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), arts. 59 to 63
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti
Yebo: MiCA ukugunyazwa kungadluliselwa ezweni lonke le-EU/EEA ngolwazi (MiCA isigaba 65)
Izidingo ezibalulekile
  • Ikheli elibhalisiwe ezweni lelungu lapho ingxenye encane yezinsizakalo zihlinzekwa khona, indawo yokulawula okusebenzayo e-EU kanye nochwepheshe othile ohlala e-EU (MiCA Isigaba 59(2)
  • Inhlangano yokulawula efanelekayo kanye nabanikazi bezimali abafanele
  • Ukuvikelwa nokuhlukaniswa kwama-crypto-assets nama-akhawunti ekhasimende, ukuphatha izimangalo, imithetho yokungqubuzana kwezinzuzo
  • AML/CFT iphrojekthi kanye nokuhambisana noMthetho wokudlulisa imali (EU) 2023/1113
  • I-AFM iphatha izicelo ze-CASP (isib. 63) kanye nezimemezelo ezivela kwezinye izinhlangano zezimali (isiqephu. 60); I-AFM ishicilela i-MiCAR step-by-step plan nefomu
Sources(3)
  1. AFM: Crypto companies (MiCAR licensing and notifications) · checked 2026-10-07
  2. EUR-Lex: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), Arts. 63, 67, 143 and Annex IV · checked 2026-10-07
  3. ESMA: List of grandfathering periods decided by Member States under Article 143(3) MiCA (version of May 2026) · checked 2026-10-07
Inkampani yokutshala imali

Ilayisense lenkampani yokutshala imali (MiFID II)

Imali encanei-USD 84k
IsikhathiAkukho kushicilelwe
IgunyaI-AFM (ukulawula okuqinile yi-DNB)

Bpr art. 48: I-EUR 75,000 kumafemu angasebenzi nge-akhawunti yakhe futhi ahlinzeke ngezinsizakusebenza ezilinganiselwe kuphela; i-EUR 150,000 kwamanye amafemu okutshala imali; i-EUR 750,000 ukusebenzela nge-akhawunti yakhe noma ukubhalisa ngokuzibophezela kwenkampani

Umthetho
Wft art. 2:96 and art. 3:53; Bpr art. 48(1)(f) to (i); Regulation (EU) 2019/2033 (IFR)
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti
Yebo: MiFID II ipasipoti (isigaba 34 ne-35) yezinsizakalo kanye nezifunda
Izidingo ezibalulekile
  • Ilayisense kusuka ku-AFM ngaphambi kokunikeza izinsizakalo zokutshala imali
  • Izimali eziqhubekayo nezikhokhwayo ngaphansi kwe IFR
  • Abaphathi benqubomgomo abafanele
  • Ukuziphatha kwebhizinisi, ukubonisana nomsebenzi wokunakekelwa ngaphansi koMthetho we-Wft
Sources(4)
  1. AFM: Investment firms · checked 2026-10-07
  2. wetten.overheid.nl: Besluit prudentiële regels Wft (BWBR0020420), art. 48 minimum own funds · checked 2026-10-07
  3. wetten.overheid.nl: Wet op het financieel toezicht (BWBR0020368), art. 3:53 · checked 2026-10-07
  4. EUR-Lex: Directive (EU) 2019/2034 (IFD), Art. 9 initial capital · checked 2026-10-07
Umhlinzeki wemidlalo ye-inthanethi

Ilayisense lokuhlela imidlalo ehamba phambili (ilayisense leKoa)

Imali encaneAkukho kushicilelwe
IsikhathiKSA: Isikhathi sokuthatha isinqumo ngokusho komthetho esingu-6 izinyanga uma isicelo sigcwele; kumiswa kuze kube umfakisicelo engeza imininingwane
IgunyaIbhodi lezezimali
Umthetho
Wet op de kansspelen art. 31a (Remote Gambling Act / Wet Koa amendments) and arts. 31b to 31g
Izindleko
Imali yokufaka isicelo (i-leges) ekhokhwa ngaphambi kokuba isicelo siqhubekelwe phambili (Wok art. 31e); inani aliqinisekiswanga. I-KSA nayo idinga isiqiniseko sezimali (zekerheidsstelling) esingu-EUR 50,000 kulowo ofaka isicelo (Beleidsregels vergunning Koa art. 8.1(4)
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti
Hayi: ilayisense lase-Dutch lizwe; amalayisense anikezelwa ngesikhathi esilinganiselwe futhi angadluliswanga
Izidingo ezibalulekile
  • Umnikazi welayisense kufanele abe nekheli elibhalisiwe, ukulawula okuphakathi noma indawo eyinhloko yomsebenzi e-EU noma e-EEA (Wok art. 31g)
  • Ifomu lezomthetho le-NV, BV noma i-SE (isiqephu 31g(2)) kanye nobuhlakani bokuba ngumnikazi kanye nomnikazi ophumelelayo
  • Uxhumano ku-Cruks self-exclusion register kanye ne-control database (CDB)
  • Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kanye nenkqubo yemidlalo eqinisekisiwe
Sources(3)
  1. Kansspelautoriteit: Vergunning online kansspel aanbieden · checked 2026-10-07
  2. Kansspelautoriteit: Vraag en antwoord vergunning online kansspelen · checked 2026-10-07
  3. wetten.overheid.nl: Wet op de kansspelen (BWBR0002469), arts. 31a to 31g · checked 2026-10-07
Ama-Supervisors

Ubani olawula

  • De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB) · websiteAmabhange, Izinhlangano zemali ye-E-, Abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zokukhokha
  • Autoriteit Financiële Markten (AFM) · websiteInvestment firms, Virtual asset service providers (VASPs)
  • Ibhange Eliphakathi Lase-Europe (Uhlelo Olulodwa Lokuhlola) (ECB) · iwebhusayithiAmabhange
  • Kansspelautoriteit (Netherlands Gambling Authority) (KSA) · websiteOnline gaming

MiCA: i-Netherlands yafaka isikhathi sokuguqulwa senyanga engu-6 kubahlinzeki bezinsizakalo ze-crypto ezikhona, okuphelelwe ngoJuni 30, 2025 ngokusho ESMA Ilayisense lokugembula ku-inthanethi lifaka phakathi imidlalo yekhasino ebhekene nomhlinzeki, imidlalo yekhasino yomuntu nomuntu njenge-poker, ukubheja kwezemidlalo kanye nokubheja kwezinkomo. Ukuphela kwesikhathi selayisense le-Koa kusetshenzisiwe ngomthethosivivinywa wesithathu futhi akuqinisekiswanga. Amaphesenti wemali yokubhaliswa kweDNB ne-KSA awaqinisekiswanga.

Ulwazi oluphelele

Manje nge-Netherlands

i-Netherlands
Imephu ye-Netherlands i-Amsterdam
Izilimi zesihlabathi. I-map ikhombisa kuphela.
Isimo
i-Netherlands
Idolobhakazi
i-Amsterdam
Indawo
41,543 km²
Izilimi ezisemthethweni
isi-Dutch, i-West Frisian (eFriesland)
Indawo yesikhathi
UTC+01:00 (UTC+02:00 ebusika); isixeko esikhulu; iCaribbean Netherlands isebenzisa UTC-04:00

Ukuthunyelwa okuyinhloko

  • i-refined petroleum
  • izidakamizwa
  • imishini
  • i-crude petroleum
  • imishini yokusakaza

Abahlanganyeli abakhulu

  • IJalimane
  • i-Belgium
  • i-France
  • i-Italia
  • i-United States
Sources for the country information(8)

Ulwazi lwezwe luhlolwe ngo-Okthoba 9, 2026. Idatha yelayisense ivuselelwe ngo-Okthoba 7, 2026. Ulwazi kuphela, hhayi incazelo yomthetho; izimfuneko zishintsha. Isaziso sokulawula.

Sources for the licensing information(25)
  1. DNB: Licence as a bank (overview) · checked 2026-10-07
  2. DNB: Bank licence application process (12 steps), 26-week statutory period · checked 2026-10-07
  3. DNB: Bank licence application fees · checked 2026-10-07
  4. DNB: Licensing requirement for payment service providers (overview) · checked 2026-10-07
  5. DNB: Authorisation as an electronic money institution (overview) · checked 2026-10-07
  6. DNB: EMI application process (10 steps) · checked 2026-10-07
  7. wetten.overheid.nl: Besluit prudentiële regels Wft (BWBR0020420), art. 48 minimum own funds · checked 2026-10-07
  8. wetten.overheid.nl: Wet op het financieel toezicht (BWBR0020368), art. 3:53 · checked 2026-10-07
  9. AFM: Crypto companies (MiCAR licensing and notifications) · checked 2026-10-07
  10. AFM: Investment firms · checked 2026-10-07
  11. Kansspelautoriteit: Vergunning online kansspel aanbieden · checked 2026-10-07
  12. Kansspelautoriteit: Vraag en antwoord vergunning online kansspelen · checked 2026-10-07
  13. wetten.overheid.nl: Wet op de kansspelen (BWBR0002469), arts. 31a to 31g · checked 2026-10-07
  14. ECB Banking Supervision: Authorisation (licensing) · checked 2026-10-07
  15. EUR-Lex: Directive 2013/36/EU (CRD), Art. 12 initial capital and Art. 15 decision deadline (consolidated) · checked 2026-10-07
  16. EUR-Lex: Directive 2009/110/EC (EMD2), Art. 4 initial capital and Art. 5 own funds · checked 2026-10-07
  17. EUR-Lex: Directive (EU) 2015/2366 (PSD2), Art. 7 initial capital and Art. 12 decision deadline · checked 2026-10-07
  18. EUR-Lex: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), Arts. 63, 67, 143 and Annex IV · checked 2026-10-07
  19. EUR-Lex: Directive (EU) 2019/2034 (IFD), Art. 9 initial capital · checked 2026-10-07
  20. ESMA: List of grandfathering periods decided by Member States under Article 143(3) MiCA (version of May 2026) · checked 2026-10-07
  21. FATF: Jurisdictions under Increased Monitoring, 19 June 2026 (FATF site blocks automated access; content confirmed via official government notices below) · checked 2026-10-07
  22. Insurance Commission of The Bahamas: notice reproducing FATF Public Statement of 19 June 2026 on Jurisdictions under Increased Monitoring · checked 2026-10-07
  23. New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs: FATF jurisdictions under increased monitoring and call for action, June 2026 · checked 2026-10-07
  24. EUR-Lex: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675, consolidated version of 29 January 2026 · checked 2026-10-07
  25. European Commission Representation in Luxembourg: EU updates its list of non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes (17 February 2026) · checked 2026-10-07