Le khasi laguqulelwa ngokuzenzakalela kusuka ngesiNgisi futhi ayikho ebuyekezwe ngumhumushi. Izimo zomthetho nezomthetho zingaba ziyiphutha. Uhlobo lwesiNgisi luyinguqulo egunyaziwe. Funda le khasi ngesiNgisi
Xhumana nommeli

i-Europe (EU)

i-Spain

ISpain ingenye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu zemakethe yamabhange e-euro, ikhaya lamaqembu amabhange abalulekile emhlabeni jikelele, anezimali ezikhulayo kanye nesevisi ye-fintech eMadrid naseBarcelona. Amabhange, amabhange namabhange e-e-mali avunyelwe nge-Banco de España (nge ECB amabhange), kanti iCNMV iphatha izinhlangano zokutshala imali nezihlinzeki zezinsizakalo ze-crypto-asset.

Isibhamu sengoziIsiqephu
FATFAkukho kuluhlu
EU AML uhlu lwengozi ephezuluAkukho kuluhlu
i-EU tax listAkukho kuluhlu
Izinhlelo zelayisense6
Imalii-EUR
Izinga le-S&PA+
Ukhetho Olulandelayo2027

i-Spain ayikho kuma- FATF amnyama noma ama-grey lists (ingqungquthela ka 19 Juni 2026); njengezwe elingumlungu we-EU lingaphandle kohlelo lohlu lwezwe lesithathu elinomthelela omkhulu e-EU (Imithetho egunyaziwe 2016/1675, iqoqwe 29 ngoJanuwari 2026) kanye nohlu lwezimali ze-EU (Isiqephu I, kubuyekeziwe 17 ngoFebhuwari 2026). Kuhlolwe 7 Okthoba 2026.

Umbuso nepolitiki

UMbuso
I-parliamentary constitutional monarchy
u-King
Felipe VI · kusukela ngoJuni 2014
UMengameli weHulumeni (Umholi Wezwe)
UPedro Sánchez (i-Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE))
Amaqembu alawulayo
I-Spanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE), Sumar
Ukhetho oludlule
23 kuJulayi 2023
Ukhetho Olulandelayo
Izinga eliphelele (i-parliamentary), idinga u2027. U-Sánchez uthe ukhetho luzokwenziwa 2027; 2027
Umthethosivivinywa
Cortes Generales: Ingqungquthela yamaNgqongqoshe (amasevisi angama-350) kanye neSeneti (amasevisi angama-265, ama-208 akhethiwe ngokuqondile)
Indlela yomthetho
Uhlelo lomthetho wesizwe olunezinhlobonhlobo zesifunda

Economics and finance

Abahlali
49.4m (2025)
I-GDP
i-USD 1.9tn (2025)
I-GDP ngamuntu
US$38,290 (2025)
Imali
i-euro (EUR)
Ibhange Eliphakathi
i-Banco de España (ingxenye ye-Eurosystem)
Izinga lemali
i-S&P A+ (eqinile) · i-Moody's A3 (eqinile) · i-Fitch A (eqinile) (ngoMashi 2026)

I-euro zone's emine enkulu kakhulu yezomnotho futhi enye yazo ezikhula ngokushesha, drived by tourism, services, car manufacturing and agriculture, with large internationally active banks such as Santander and BBVA.

Ibhange

Igunya lebhange

Imali encanei-USD 20.1m
IsikhathiUsinqumo ngaphakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-6 zokuthola noma ukuqedwa kwefayela futhi nganoma iyiphi indlela ngaphakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-12; ukuthula kusho ukungavumelani (RD 84/2015 art. 3(2))
IgunyaECB ngohlelo lwe-Banco de España

Imali yengxenye yokuqala eyizigidi ezingama-EUR 18, ikhokhwe ngokuphelele ngemali engenayo kanye nengxenye ebhalisiwe (RD 84/2015 art. 4(b)), ngaphezulu kakhulu kwe-EU floor engu-EUR 5 million

Umthetho
Ley 10/2014 on credit institutions; Real Decreto 84/2015, arts. 3 (authorisation) and 4(b) (capital); Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 art. 14
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti
Yebo: ipasipoti ye-EU ngaphansi kwe CRD (iMibandela 33 kuya ku-39) yezifunda kanye nezinsizakalo ezidlula emgwaqweni
Izidingo ezibalulekile
  • Idiphozithi yemali engenayo eBanco de España (noma i-debt yomphakathi okhokhelwe) elingana ne-20% yemali encane yesethi lapho kufakwa khona isicelo
  • Abaqondisi abafanele kanye nabanikazi bempahla ebalulekile
  • Izinhlelo zebhizinisi, ukuphathwa nokulawulwa kwangaphakathi
Sources(3)
  1. BOE: Real Decreto 84/2015 (credit institutions), consolidated text, arts. 3 and 4 · checked 2026-10-07
  2. ECB Banking Supervision: Authorisation (licensing) · checked 2026-10-07
  3. EUR-Lex: Directive 2013/36/EU (CRD), Art. 12 initial capital and Art. 15 decision deadline (consolidated) · checked 2026-10-07
Inhlangano yemali-elektroniki

Igunya lenhlangano yemali ye-elekthronikhi

Imali encanei-USD 392k
IsikhathiUsinqumo ngaphakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-3 zokuthola noma ukuqedwa kwefayela; ukuthula kusho ukungavumelani (RD 778/2012 art. 1(2))
Igunyai-Banco de España

I-EUR 350,000 ephansi yomnotho wokuqala (Imithetho 21/2011 isigaba 6), ehlobene nezimali ezidingekayo

Umthetho
Ley 21/2011 de dinero electrónico, art. 6; Real Decreto 778/2012, art. 1
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti
Yebo: ipasipoti ye-EU ngaphansi kwe EMD2/PSD2 ngebhange, ummeli, umhlinzeki noma ukuhlinzekwa mahhala kwezinsizakalo
Izidingo ezibalulekile
  • Ingxelo yangaphambili ye-SEPBLAC (AML igunya) ngomuntu ofuna usizo
  • Isiqiniseko semali eqaleni ngesikhathi kugunyazwa
  • Incazelo yokulawula ngaphakathi kanye ne AML/CFT imikhuba
  • Ukuvikelwa kwezinkokhelo ezifunyenwe ngokushintshana ngemali ye-e
Sources(4)
  1. BOE: Ley 21/2011 de dinero electrónico, consolidated text, art. 6 · checked 2026-10-07
  2. BOE: Real Decreto 778/2012 on e-money institutions, consolidated text, art. 1 · checked 2026-10-07
  3. BOE: Real Decreto-ley 19/2018 on payment services, consolidated text, arts. 11 and 19 · checked 2026-10-07
  4. EUR-Lex: Directive 2009/110/EC (EMD2), Art. 4 initial capital and Art. 5 own funds · checked 2026-10-07
Umhlinzeki wezinsizakalo zokukhokha (PSP)

Igunya lenhlangano ekhokhela imali

Imali encanei-USD 140k
IsikhathiUsinqumo ngaphakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-3 zokuthola noma ukuqedwa kwefayela; ukuthula kusho ukungavumelani (RDL 19/2018 isigaba 11(2))
Igunyai-Banco de España

I-EUR 125,000 yezinsizakalo zokukhokha (a) kuya ku-(e); i-EUR 50,000 yokuqalisa ukukhokha kuphela; i-EUR 20,000 yokuthumela imali kuphela (RDL 19/2018 art. 19)

Umthetho
Real Decreto-ley 19/2018 de servicios de pago, art. 11 (authorisation) and art. 19 (capital)
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti
Yebo: ipasipoti ye-EU ngaphansi kwe PSD2 Art. 28 (ibhange, ummeli noma ukuhlinzekwa mahhala kwezinsiza)
Izidingo ezibalulekile
  • Ingxelo yangaphambili ye-SEPBLAC ngezinto ze-AML/CFT
  • Imali yomuntu siqu egcinwe ngokuhambisana nezikhombisi zebhizinisi ngaphezu kwezimali zokuqala
  • Ukuvikelwa kwezimali zekhasimende
  • Ukulawula okulungile nokunethezeka
Sources(2)
  1. BOE: Real Decreto-ley 19/2018 on payment services, consolidated text, arts. 11 and 19 · checked 2026-10-07
  2. EUR-Lex: Directive (EU) 2015/2366 (PSD2), Art. 7 initial capital and Art. 12 decision deadline · checked 2026-10-07
Umhlinzeki wenkonzo yezinto ezibonakalayo (VASP)

Ugunyazo lwe-crypto-asset service provider (CASP) ngezansi MiCA

Imali encanei-USD 56k
IsikhathiMiCA Isigaba 63: izinsuku ezingu-25 zokusebenza ukubheka ukuthi kuphelele yini, bese ziyizinsuku eziyi-40 zokusebenza ukukhetha isicelo esigcwele (ihora lingahlehliswa uma kunezicelo zemininingwane)
IgunyaCNMV (i-Banco de España ilawula abakhiqizi be-e-money tokens kanye ne-asset-referenced tokens)

MiCA Isigaba 67 neSihluthulelo IV: i-EUR 50,000 (isigaba 1: ukuphatha izicelo, ukubeka, ukudlulisa izinsizakalo, ukufinyelela nokudluliselwa, insizakalo, ukuphathwa kwempahla), i-EUR 125,000 (isigaba 2: ukuhlanganisa ukugcinwa nokulawula, kanye nokushintshana kwemali noma ezinye izinto ezingekho emthethweni), i-EUR 150,000 (isigaba 3: ukuhlanganisa ukusebenza kwephrojekthi yokuhweba); noma isigamu semali ekhokhwayo yonyaka odlule uma iphezulu

Umthetho
Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), arts. 59 to 63; Ley 6/2023 designating the CNMV
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti
Yebo: MiCA ukugunyazwa kungadluliselwa ezweni lonke le-EU/EEA ngolwazi (MiCA isigaba 65)
Izidingo ezibalulekile
  • Ikheli elibhalisiwe ezweni lelungu lapho ingxenye encane yezinsizakalo zihlinzekwa khona, indawo yokulawula okusebenzayo e-EU kanye nochwepheshe othile ohlala e-EU (MiCA Isigaba 59(2)
  • Inhlangano yokulawula efanelekayo kanye nabanikazi bezimali abafanele
  • Ukuvikelwa nokuhlukaniswa kwama-crypto-assets nama-akhawunti ekhasimende, ukuphatha izimangalo, imithetho yokungqubuzana kwezinzuzo
  • AML/CFT iphrojekthi kanye nokuhambisana noMthetho wokudlulisa imali (EU) 2023/1113
Sources(4)
  1. CNMV: MiCA, nueva regulación de criptoactivos · checked 2026-10-07
  2. BOE: Ley 6/2023 de los Mercados de Valores y de los Servicios de Inversión, consolidated text, arts. 131 and 134 · checked 2026-10-07
  3. EUR-Lex: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), Arts. 63, 67, 143 and Annex IV · checked 2026-10-07
  4. ESMA: List of grandfathering periods decided by Member States under Article 143(3) MiCA (version of May 2026) · checked 2026-10-07
Inkampani yokutshala imali

Igunya lenkampani yokutshala imali

Imali encanei-USD 84k
IsikhathiUsinqumo ngaphakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-6 zokuthola noma ukuqedwa kwefayela; ukuthula kungabhekwa njengokwenqaba (Imithetho 6/2023 isigaba 131(1)
Igunyai-CNMV

IFD Isiqephu 9: i-EUR 75,000 (ukuthola nokudlulisa, ukwenziwa, ukuphathwa kwe-portfolio, insizakalo, ukubekwa ngaphandle kokubekezela kwenkampani, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imali yomxhasi noma amasevisi agcinwe); i-EUR 150,000 (amanye amafemu); i-EUR 750,000 (ukuhweba nge-akhawunti yakho yomuntu siqu noma ukubhaliswa ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokubekezela kwenkampani)

Umthetho
Ley 6/2023 de los Mercados de Valores y de los Servicios de Inversión, arts. 131 and 134; Regulation (EU) 2019/2033 (IFR)
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti
Yebo: MiFID II ipasipoti (isigaba 34 ne-35) yezinsizakalo kanye nezifunda
Izidingo ezibalulekile
  • Izidingo zenkampani, zezimali, zokulawula kanye nohlelo lwangaphakathi olusetshenzisiwe yimithetho
  • Umengameli we-Investment Guarantee Fund
  • Uhlelo lwezimiso zomsebenzi AML/CFT izimiso
  • Ukufaka nge-elekthronikhi ku-CNMV
Sources(2)
  1. BOE: Ley 6/2023 de los Mercados de Valores y de los Servicios de Inversión, consolidated text, arts. 131 and 134 · checked 2026-10-07
  2. EUR-Lex: Directive (EU) 2019/2034 (IFD), Art. 9 initial capital · checked 2026-10-07
Umhlinzeki wemidlalo ye-inthanethi

Ilayisense elijwayelekile (licencia general) kanye nelayisense elilodwa lokugembula kwe-intanethi ezweni

Imali encaneAkukho kushicilelwe
IsikhathiAkukho kushicilelwe
IgunyaI-DGOJ (isebenza ngezinqumo zomthetho ezinikezwa i-Comisión Nacional del Juego)
Umthetho
Ley 13/2011 de regulación del juego, arts. 10 (general licences), 11 (singular licences), 13 (operators) and 49 (fees)
Izindleko
Imali yokufaka isicelo engu-EUR 10,000 ngelayisense ngayinye; i-EUR 2,500 yokungeniswa kuMthethosisekelo weLayisensi Yokudlala; imali yokulawula yonyaka engu-0.75 ngezigidi zemali etholakele ngokudlala (Imithetho 13/2011 isigaba 49(5)); inani lingashintshwa yiNkantolo Yezimali Yonyaka
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti
Cha: Izitifiketi zeShayina zokugembula ziyizwe
Izidingo ezibalulekile
  • Ilayisense elijwayelekile linikezwa kuphela ngocingo olusemthethweni (convocatoria); ucingo olusha lungacelwa amasonto angama-18 ngemuva kokuqala kwehlobo lemidlalo elisha
  • Umfakisicelo kumele abe yisociedad anonima enemidlalo njengenhloso yayo yomphakathi, eSpain noma e-EEA, enombukeli ohlala njalo oyedwa eSpain
  • Ikhono lobuchwepheshe, ibhizinisi kanye nemali; akukho ukuboshwa okuphathelene nobugebengu, ukungakhokhi noma izigwebo ezibuhlungu
  • Ilayisense elilodwa lidingake kuhlobo ngalunye lomdlalo ngaphansi kwelayisensi ejwayelekile; izilayisense ezijwayelekile zihlala iminyaka engu-10, zingavuselelwa izikhathi eziyi-10
Sources(2)
  1. BOE: Ley 13/2011 de regulación del juego, consolidated text, arts. 10, 11, 13 and 49 · checked 2026-10-07
  2. Dirección General de Ordenación del Juego (DGOJ) · checked 2026-10-07
Ama-Supervisors

Ubani olawula

  • Banco de España (BdE) · websiteAmabhange, Izinhlangano zemali ye-elektroniki, Abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zokukhokha
  • Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores (CNMV) · websiteInvestment firms, Virtual asset service providers (VASPs)
  • Ibhange Eliphakathi Lase-Europe (Uhlelo Olulodwa Lokuhlola) (ECB) · iwebhusayithiAmabhange
  • I-Division of Economics and Finance (DGOJ) iwebhusayithiImidlalo ye-inthanethi

MiCA: iSpain yasebenzisa isikhathi esiphelele sonyaka ongu-18 sokushintshana; iCNMV ithi saphela ngoJulayi 1, 2026. Ibhange laseSpain lemali ephansi yezigidi ezingama-EUR 18 liphezulu kakhulu kunaleli eliphansi le-EU. Izimali zokuqala zenkampani yokutshala imali zibekwe yimithetho (Real Decreto efaka iLey 6/2023); ama-figures aboniswe yimininingwane ye-EU IFD futhi imithetho yomhlaba ayivuliwe. Ukugembula kwe-inthanethi esiteshini sesifundazwe kuvunyelwe yi-DGOJ. Usuku lwelayisense elisha le-DGOJ aliqinisekiswanga.

Ulwazi oluphelele

Manje ngeSpain

i-Spain kwiplanethi
Imephu yaseSpain i-Madrid
Izilimi zesihlabathi. I-map ikhombisa kuphela.
Isimo
Izwe elilawulayo
Idolobhakazi
i-Madrid
Indawo
505,370 km²
Izilimi ezisemthethweni
isiShayina (esisemthethweni)
Indawo yesikhathi
UTC+01:00 (UTC+02:00 ebusika); Iziqhingi zeCanary UTC+00:00

Ukuthunyelwa okuyinhloko

  • izimoto
  • imithi epakishwe
  • i-refined petroleum
  • amathuluzi namathuluzi
  • izigqoko
  • ukuvakasha

Abahlanganyeli abakhulu

  • i-France
  • IJalimane
  • i-Portugal
  • i-Italia
  • i-United Kingdom
Sources for the country information(7)

Ulwazi lwezwe luhlolwe ngo-Okthoba 9, 2026. Idatha yelayisense ivuselelwe ngo-Okthoba 7, 2026. Ulwazi kuphela, hhayi incazelo yomthetho; izimfuneko zishintsha. Isaziso sokulawula.

Sources for the licensing information(20)
  1. BOE: Real Decreto 84/2015 (credit institutions), consolidated text, arts. 3 and 4 · checked 2026-10-07
  2. BOE: Ley 21/2011 de dinero electrónico, consolidated text, art. 6 · checked 2026-10-07
  3. BOE: Real Decreto 778/2012 on e-money institutions, consolidated text, art. 1 · checked 2026-10-07
  4. BOE: Real Decreto-ley 19/2018 on payment services, consolidated text, arts. 11 and 19 · checked 2026-10-07
  5. BOE: Ley 6/2023 de los Mercados de Valores y de los Servicios de Inversión, consolidated text, arts. 131 and 134 · checked 2026-10-07
  6. CNMV: MiCA, nueva regulación de criptoactivos · checked 2026-10-07
  7. BOE: Ley 13/2011 de regulación del juego, consolidated text, arts. 10, 11, 13 and 49 · checked 2026-10-07
  8. Dirección General de Ordenación del Juego (DGOJ) · checked 2026-10-07
  9. ECB Banking Supervision: Authorisation (licensing) · checked 2026-10-07
  10. EUR-Lex: Directive 2013/36/EU (CRD), Art. 12 initial capital and Art. 15 decision deadline (consolidated) · checked 2026-10-07
  11. EUR-Lex: Directive 2009/110/EC (EMD2), Art. 4 initial capital and Art. 5 own funds · checked 2026-10-07
  12. EUR-Lex: Directive (EU) 2015/2366 (PSD2), Art. 7 initial capital and Art. 12 decision deadline · checked 2026-10-07
  13. EUR-Lex: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), Arts. 63, 67, 143 and Annex IV · checked 2026-10-07
  14. EUR-Lex: Directive (EU) 2019/2034 (IFD), Art. 9 initial capital · checked 2026-10-07
  15. ESMA: List of grandfathering periods decided by Member States under Article 143(3) MiCA (version of May 2026) · checked 2026-10-07
  16. FATF: Jurisdictions under Increased Monitoring, 19 June 2026 (FATF site blocks automated access; content confirmed via official government notices below) · checked 2026-10-07
  17. Insurance Commission of The Bahamas: notice reproducing FATF Public Statement of 19 June 2026 on Jurisdictions under Increased Monitoring · checked 2026-10-07
  18. New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs: FATF jurisdictions under increased monitoring and call for action, June 2026 · checked 2026-10-07
  19. EUR-Lex: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675, consolidated version of 29 January 2026 · checked 2026-10-07
  20. European Commission Representation in Luxembourg: EU updates its list of non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes (17 February 2026) · checked 2026-10-07