Umthetho olandelwayo · Yurophu (kunga-EU)

i-Liechtenstein

I-Liechtenstein iyibhange elincane elilodwa, ukulawula impahla kanye nesikhungo semali esisebenzisa i-Swiss franc kodwa siyilungu lendawo yezomnotho yase-Europe hhayi i-EU. NgoMthetho we-EEA ifaka umthetho wezinsizakalo zezimali ze-EU futhi inikeza izinhlangano zayo ezigunyaziwe ipasipoti ye-EEA, ehlanganisa nomthetho wayo we-2020 Blockchain Act (TVTG) wayenza ibe yisisekelo sezinkampani ze-crypto ne-fintech ezifuna ukufinyelela emakethe ye-EU.

Isibhamu sengoziIsiqephu

FATFAkukho kuluhlu

EU AML uhlu lwengozi ephezuluAkukho kuluhlu

i-EU tax listAkukho kuluhlu

Izinhlelo zelayisense6

Imalii-CHF

Izinga le-S&PAAA

Ukhetho Olulandelayo2029

Ayikho ku- FATF uhlu olungwevu noma olumnyama ngemuva kwengqungquthela kaJulayi 2026, ayikho ku- EU uhlu lwezwe lesithathu elinomthelela omkhulu (Imithetho egunyaziwe (EU) 2016/1675 njengoba iguqulwe ngoMthetho ogunyaziwe (EU) 2026/46), futhi ayikho kwi-Annex I ye-EU uhlu lwezimali njengokubuyekezwa yiKhomishini ngomhla ka-17 Febhuwari 2026. Kuhlolwe ngo-7 Okthoba 2026.

Umbuso nepolitiki

UMbuso: Umbuso wentando yeningi ohambisana nedemokhrasi yesifundazwe
UPrince Regnant (uPrince Alois ongumzali usebenza njengenhloko yezwe njengomphathi kusukela ngo-2004): Hans-Adam II · kusukela ngoNovemba 1989
i-Prime Minister: i-Brigitte Haas (i-Patriotic Union (VU)
Amaqembu alawulayo: i-Patriotic Union (VU), i-Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP)
Ukhetho oludlule: i-Landtag (yomthetho), ngoFebhuwari 9, 2025
Ukhetho Olulandelayo: i-Landtag (yomthetho), elindeleke ngo-2029
Umthethosivivinywa: i-Landtag (i-unicameral, iziqhingi ezingu-25)
Indlela yomthetho: Uhlelo lomthetho wesizwe oluhlobene nomthetho waseSwitzerland, Austria kanye neJalimane

Economics and finance

Abahlali: 41k (2025)
I-GDP: i-USD 9bn (2025)
I-GDP ngamuntu: i-US$ 217,928 (2025)
Imali: i-Swiss franc (CHF), i-Swiss franc esetshenziswa ngaphansi kwesivumelwano semali ne-Switzerland (sihamba)
Ibhange Eliphakathi: I-Swiss National Bank (isivumelwano semali; i-Liechtenstein ayinayo ibhange eliphakathi layo, ukuqondiswa kwezimali yi-Financial Market Authority Liechtenstein)
Izinga lemali: I-S&P AAA (eqinile) (ngoMeyi 2026)

I-economy encane, enemali eningi kakhulu ehlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni ezikhethekile nebhange elilodwa, izi trusts kanye nokulawula imali, kanye nokufinyelela kumakethe eyodwa ye-EU nge-EEA.

Ibhange

Iphasiwedi:

Imali encanei-USD 12m

IsikhathiFMA decides within six months of receipt of the complete application; isicelo esishiwo ukuthi asiqediwe eminyakeni eyisithupha silahlekile

IgunyaFMA Liechtenstein (akukho ECB ukubandakanyeka: iLiechtenstein ingaphandle kwendawo ye-euro neSingle Supervisory Mechanism)

Izigidi ezingama-CHF ezingu-10 noma okulinganayo nge-euro noma amadola aseMelika, akhokhelwe ngokuphelele; iFMA ingabeka inani elisha uma kunezimo ezifanele

Umthetho: Banking Act of 5 December 2024 (Bankengesetz, BankG), Art. 16 and Arts. 18 to 23; Banking Ordinance of 14 January 2025 (BankV)
Izindleko: i-CHF 100,000 yokunikezwa noma ukwehluleka kwelayisense lebhange; i-CHF 50,000 yenkampani yokutshalwa kwemali ekhona enelayisensi edinga ilayisense lebhange (FMAG Annex 1, section A)
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti: Yebo. Ipasipoti ye-EEA ngaphansi kwe CRD njengoba kufakwe emthethweni we-EEA: izifunda kanye nezinsizakalo ezidlula emigqeni e-EU nase-EEA.

Izidingo ezibalulekile

Inkampani ehlobene ngezingxenye (AG) noma inkampani yase-Europe (SE); indawo yokusebenzela ebhalisiwe kanye nendawo yokusebenzela enkulu eLiechtenstein; amabhange we-shell avunyelwe
Ibhodi lamaNgqongqoshe elinamalungu angaphansi kukathathu kanye neBhodi Elilawulayo elinama-
Iningi leBhodi Elilawulayo kumele lihlale ngaphakathi komzila wokuhamba, futhi okungenani ilungu elilodwa leBhodi kufanele libe nokuxhumana neLiechtenstein futhi lihlale ngaphakathi komzila wokuhamba
Abaphathi bezinga lokuhambisana nokuphathwa kwengozi kumele bakwazi umthetho waseLiechtenstein (umthetho we-Due Diligence, umthetho wamabhange) futhi ngokuvamile basebenze eLiechtenstein
Ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi, ukuhambisana nemisebenzi yokulawula umngcipheko ohlukile; abanikazi bezimali abafanele

Sources(2)

FMA Guidance 2018/19: Licence as a bank (last amended 1 February 2025) · checked 2026-10-07
Financial Market Authority Act (FMAG), LGBl. 2004 Nr. 175, consolidated version 01.09.2026, Annex 1 (fees) · checked 2026-10-07

Inhlangano yemali-elektroniki

Ilayisense lenhlangano yemali-elektroniki

Imali encanei-USD 392k

IsikhathiDecision within three months of receipt of the application or of the complete information (Art. 7(3) EMA); ukuxoshwa uma kungakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha

Igunyai-Liechtenstein

I-EUR 350,000 noma ilinganayo nge-Swiss francs; i-FMA ingadinga okuningi uma kunezinkinga ezifanele

Umthetho: E-Money Act of 17 March 2011 (E-Geldgesetz, EGG), Arts. 6 to 8; E-Money Ordinance of 2025 (EGV)
Izindleko: i-CHF 30,000 uma kuvunyelwa noma kunqatshelwa ilayisense (FMAG Isihluthulelo 1, isiqephu A)
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti: Yebo. Ipasipoti ye-EEA ngaphansi kwe-E-Money Directive njengoba kufakwe emthethweni we-EEA.

Izidingo ezibalulekile

Isicelo sihlukaniswe ngokuya nge-EBA/GL/2017/09 ne FMA checklist
Imali yokuqala itholakala ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokwenqaba noma ukucindezeleka
Ukuvikelwa kwezinkokhelo ezifunyenwe ngemali ye-e
Ukulawula okulungile nokunethezeka kanye nabagibeli

Sources(2)

FMA Guidance 2018/18: Licence as an e-money institution (last amended 1 July 2025) · checked 2026-10-07
Financial Market Authority Act (FMAG), LGBl. 2004 Nr. 175, consolidated version 01.09.2026, Annex 1 (fees) · checked 2026-10-07

Umhlinzeki wezinsizakalo zokukhokha (PSP)

Ilayisense lenhlangano yokhokha

Imali encanei-USD 150k

IsikhathiUsinqumo ngaphakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu zokuthola isicelo noma ulwazi oluphelele; inyanga eyisithupha

Igunyai-Liechtenstein

I-CHF 20,000 (ukuthumela imali kuphela), i-CHF 50,000 (ukuqashwa kwediphozithi kuphela) noma i-CHF 125,000 (ezinye izinkonzo zediphozithi), noma okufanayo nge-euro

Umthetho: Payment Services Act of 6 June 2019 (Zahlungsdienstegesetz, ZDG), Arts. 9 and 10; Payment Services Ordinance of 17 June 2025 (ZDV)
Izindleko: I-CHF 30,000 uma igunya linikezelwa noma lilahleka; i-CHF 15,000 uma kubhaliswa njengomhlinzeki wezinsizakalo zolwazi lwe-akhawunti (FMAG Annex 1, section A)
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti: Yebo. Ipasipoti ye-EEA ngaphansi kuka PSD2 njengoba kufakwe emthethweni we-EEA.

Izidingo ezibalulekile

Inkampani elinganiselwe ngezingxenye (AG) noma inkampani yase-Europe (SE)
I-ofisi ebhalisiwe kanye nokulawula okuphakathi eLiechtenstein
Isicelo esilandelayo EBA/GL/2017/09
Ukuvikelwa kwezimali zekhasimende kanye nokuphathwa okufanele

Sources(2)

FMA-Wegleitung 2019/8: Bewilligung eines Zahlungsinstituts (last amended 1 July 2025) · checked 2026-10-07
Financial Market Authority Act (FMAG), LGBl. 2004 Nr. 175, consolidated version 01.09.2026, Annex 1 (fees) · checked 2026-10-07

Umhlinzeki wenkonzo yezinto ezibonakalayo (VASP)

Ukugunyazwa komthengisi wezinsizakalo ze-crypto-assets ngaphansi kweMiCAR

Imali encanei-USD 56k

IsikhathiAkukho kushicilelwe

Igunyai-Liechtenstein

MiCA Isihluthulelo IV: i-EUR 50,000 (isigaba 1), i-EUR 125,000 (isigaba 2, kufaka phakathi ukugcinwa nokushintshaniswa), i-EUR 150,000 (isigaba 3, iphrojekthi yokuhweba)

Umthetho: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), Arts. 59, 62, 63 and 67, as incorporated into the EEA Agreement on 24 June 2025; EEA MiCA Implementation Act (EWR-MiCA-DG), in force 1 February 2025
Izindleko: I-CHF 30,000 yegunya elihlanganisa ukugcinwa, iphrojekthi yokuhweba noma izinsizakalo zokushintshana (MiCA Umbhalo 3(1)(16)(a) kuya ku-(d)); i-CHF 10,000 lapho izinsizakalo kuphela ezitholakala kumaphuzu (e) kuya ku-(j) zihlinzekwa khona; izindleko zochwepheshe zikhokhwa ngokuhlukile (iFMAG Isihluthulelo 1, isiqephu I.undecies)
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti: Yebo. Ipasipoti ye-EEA ebanzi yama-CASPs agunyaziwe kusukela i-MiCAR yafakwa emthethweni we-EEA; ukubhaliswa kwe-TVTG akunikezi ipasipoti.

Izidingo ezibalulekile

Ikheli elibhalisiwe e-Liechtenstein, indawo yokulawula okuphumelelayo e-EEA kanye nomqondisi oyedwa ohlala khona (MiCA Art. 59)
Isicelo esiphelele, esisezingeni eliphakeme: MiCA amasonto okusebenza angu-25 ukuhlola ukugcwele kanye nezinsuku ezingu-40 zomsebenzi wokuhlolwa
Amabhange, amafemu okutshala imali, ama-EMIs, ama-UCITS nama-AIF managers asenayo ilayisense MiCA Isigaba 60
Imisebenzi engaphandle kwe-MiCA (njengezinye izinsizakalo ze-NFT) ingase idinga ukungena ku-TVTG

Sources(6)

FMA: Crypto-asset service providers, procedures pursuant to Articles 60 and 63 MiCAR · checked 2026-10-07
FMA: MiCAR (relationship between MiCAR and TVTG, transitional period) · checked 2026-10-07
FMA news 18.07.2025: Incorporation of MiCAR into the EEA Agreement · checked 2026-10-07
FMA: Token and TT Service Provider Act (TVTG) · checked 2026-10-07
Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), EUR-Lex · checked 2026-10-07
Financial Market Authority Act (FMAG), LGBl. 2004 Nr. 175, consolidated version 01.09.2026, Annex 1 (fees) · checked 2026-10-07

Inkampani yokutshala imali

Ukugunyazwa kwenkampani yokutshala imali (Zulassung als Wertpapierfirma); ilayisense lenkampani yokulawula izimpahla ngaphansi kwe-VVG yezinkampani zokuqondisa kanye nokulawula iziqukathi ezingagcinanga izimpahla zekhasimende

Imali encanei-USD 84k

IsikhathiFMA decides at the latest six months after receipt of the complete application (WPFG Art. 6(5))

Igunyai-Liechtenstein

WPFG Art. 16: I-EUR 75,000 (ukuthola nokudlulisa, ukwenziwa, ukuphathwa kwe-portfolio, insizakalo noma ukubekwa ngaphandle kokwethembeka okuqinile, akukho impahla yeklayenti), i-EUR 150,000 (enye), i-EUR 750,000 (ukuhweba nge-akhawunti yakho, ukubhalisa, noma i-OTF ngokuthengiswa kwe-akhawunti yakho), noma okufanayo ku-CHF noma ku-USD

Umthetho: Investment Firms Act of 5 December 2024 (Wertpapierfirmengesetz, WPFG), Arts. 6 and 16; Investment Services Act (WPDG); Asset Management Act of 25 November 2005 (VVG), Art. 6
Izindleko: Ukugunyazwa kwe-WPFG: CHF 35,000 (izinkampani ezincane nezingenantambo i-CHF 30,000), kanye ne-CHF 10,000 ngayinye ye-MTF noma i-OTF. Ilayisense le-VVG: CHF 15,000 (uhlobo 2) noma CHF 10,000 (uhlobo 3) (Isiqephu se-FMAG 1, isiqephu B)
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti: Yebo. Ipasipoti ye-EEA ngaphansi kwe MiFID II yezinkampani zokutshala imali ze-WPFG nezinkampani zokulawula izimpahla ze-VVG.

Izidingo ezibalulekile

Isicelo ngesiJalimane, amadokhumende axhasayo ngesiJalimane noma ngesiNgisi (WPFG Art. 6(3))
Izinkampani ezifuna ukuhlinzeka kuphela ngezinsizakalo ze-VVG ngaphandle kokugcina izimpahla zomxhasi ziqondiswa kwilayisense yenkampani yokulawula izimpahla
Izinkampani ze-VVG: ikheli elibhalisiwe kanye nekheli elikhulu eLiechtenstein, okungenani abaphathi abaphezulu ababili njengomthetho, okungenani omnye onezwekazi le-EEA noma laseSwitzerland kanye neminyaka emithathu yesipiliyoni esifanele
Uhlelo lokuphepha lwe- IFR/IFD (iqembu 1, 2 ne-3 lezinkampani)

Sources(4)

Wertpapierfirmengesetz (WPFG), LGBl. 2025 Nr. 72, consolidated version 01.09.2026 · checked 2026-10-07
FMA: Investment firms · checked 2026-10-07
FMA: Asset management companies, FAQs · checked 2026-10-07
Financial Market Authority Act (FMAG), LGBl. 2004 Nr. 175, consolidated version 01.09.2026, Annex 1 (fees) · checked 2026-10-07

Umhlinzeki wemidlalo ye-inthanethi

I-online gambling concession

Imali encanei-USD 6m

IsikhathiAkukho kushicilelwe

IgunyaI-Government of the Principality of Liechtenstein, ngesinqumo se-Amt fuer Volkswirtschaft

Imali-mboleko ekhokhiwe engaphansi kuka-CHF 5 million (GSG Art. 9b, isetshenziswa kuma-concessions online nguArt. 61)

Umthetho: Gambling Act of 30 June 2010 (Geldspielgesetz, GSG), Arts. 60 to 63 (online), applying Arts. 9 to 9c (casino licence conditions) by analogy
Ukudluliswa kwepasipoti: Akukho. Ukugembula kungaphandle kwepasipoti yezinsizakalo zezimali ze-EEA.

Izidingo ezibalulekile

Akukho lungelo lomthetho lokunikezwa isivumelwano; iHhovisi likaMongameli lingagcizelela inani lesivumelwano ngesinqumo
Isimo sokuphepha kanye nesimo se-due diligence (AML), lesi simo sibuyekezwe yi-FMA
Isitifiketi sisebenza iminyaka emihlanu futhi asidlulisiwe
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kuvalwa: iHhovisi likaMongameli limemezele ngomhla ka-12 kuDisemba 2023 ukuthi lizomisa ukuphatha izicelo zesitifiketi sokudlala nge-inthanethi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-2028.

Sources(2)

Geldspielgesetz (GSG), LGBl. 2010 Nr. 235, consolidated version 01.01.2026 · checked 2026-10-07
Amt fuer Volkswirtschaft: Taetigkeitsbericht Geldspiel 2023 (section 5.1, moratorium on online gambling concessions) · checked 2026-10-07

Ama-Supervisors

Ubani olawula

Finanzmarktaufsicht Liechtenstein (Inhlangano Yokuphathwa Kwemakethe Yemali yaseLiechtenstein) (FMA) · iwebhusayithiamabhange, amaqembu ezimali ze-E-, abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zokukhokha, izinkampani zokutshala imali, abahlinzeki bezinkonzo zempahla yedijithali (VASPs), izidakamizwa, inshuwalense
Amt fuer Volkswirtschaft (I-Ofisi yeMicimbi Yezezimali), ukuqondiswa kwemidlalo yokugembula (AVW) · iwebhusayithiukugembula kwe-inthanethi

Indlela imithetho ye-EU esebenza ngayo: ILiechtenstein iyizwe le-EEA EFTA, hhayi ilungu le-EU. Imithetho yezinsizakalo zezimali ze-EU isebenza kuphela uma iKomiti Elihlangene le-EEA lizifaka ku-Annex IX (izinsizakalo zezezimali) kwesivumelwano se-EEA, ngemuva kwalokho iLiechtenstein iguqula noma isebenzisa; lokhu kwenza kube nesikhathi esincane (MiCA, esebenza e-EU kusukela 30 ngoDisemba 2024, yafakazelwa kuMthetho we-EEA ngo 24 ngoJuni 2025, noLiechtenstein iqala ukuwusebenzisa nge-EWR-MiCA-DG kusuka ku 1 ngoFebhuwari 2025). Ngokuya ngesakhiwo se-EEA esinombhoshongo omibili, iziphakamiso ezibophezelayo ezibhekiswe emagunyani eLiechtenstein noma kumafemu zithathwa yi-EFTA Surveillance Authority ngezinqumo ezilungiselelwe ngamagunya wokuhlola we-EU (EBA, ESMA, EIOPA). I-Liechtenstein ingaphandle kwendawo ye-euro ne SSM, ngakho-ke i-FMA ngokwayo inikeza izitifiketi futhi ihlola amabhange. Izinkampani ezithola ilayisense ku-FMA zithola isitifiketi esifanayo se-EEA njengezinkampani ze-EU. MiCA ushintsho: abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo ze-TT ababhaliswe ngaphansi kwe-TVTG bangaqhubeka ngaphansi kwe-TVTG kuze kube yi 1 Julayi 2026 (18 isikhathi senyanga ngasinye kuluhlu lwe-ESMA); kusukela ngaleso sikhathi igunya le-MiCAR lidingeka. Imali engenayo yokuqala yelayisense le-PI ne-EMI ibhalwe nge-CHF noma nge-euro elinganayo; izithombe ze-PI nge-CHF zithathwe ku-FMA-Wegleitung 2019/8. iLiechtenstein iyimali ephawulekayo (UCITS, AIF) kanye nenhlangano/indawo yokuxolisa; fund licensing is not covered here. Izindawo zokugembula ezisekelwe ezweni zivunyelwe ngaphansi kwe-GSG yi-Amt fuer Volkswirtschaft (akukho okuhlobene lapha).

Ulwazi oluphelele

I-Liechtenstein

Izilimi zesihlabathi. I-map ikhombisa kuphela.

Isimo: Izwe elilawulayo
Idolobhakazi: i-Vaduz
Idolobha elikhulu kakhulu: i-Schaan
Indawo: 160 km²
Izilimi ezisemthethweni: isiJalimane
Indawo yesikhathi: UTC+01:00 (UTC+02:00 ebusika)

Ukuthunyelwa okuyinhloko

imishini ekhethekile
imikhiqizo yezinyo
izingxenye zemoto
amathuluzi kanye nezinhlelo zokuqinisa
izinsizakalo zezimali

Sources for the country information(7)

Ulwazi lwezwe luhlolwe ngo-Okthoba 9, 2026. Idatha yelayisense ivuselelwe ngo-Okthoba 7, 2026. Ulwazi kuphela, hhayi incazelo yomthetho; izimfuneko zishintsha. Isaziso sokulawula.

Sources for the licensing information(9)

Decision of the EEA Joint Committee No 200/2016 amending Annex IX (Financial services) to the EEA Agreement (two-pillar supervisory structure) · checked 2026-10-07
FMA news 18.07.2025: Incorporation of MiCAR into the EEA Agreement · checked 2026-10-07
ESMA: List of grandfathering periods decided by Member States under Article 143(3) MiCA · checked 2026-10-07
NZ Department of Internal Affairs: FATF jurisdictions under increased monitoring, June 2026 plenary (17-19 June 2026), relaying the FATF statement (fatf-gafi.org blocked automated access) · checked 2026-10-07
Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2026/46 amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675 · checked 2026-10-07
Council of the EU, doc. 5821/26: revised EU list of non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes (approved 17 February 2026) · checked 2026-10-07
FMA Guidance 2018/19: Licence as a bank (last amended 1 February 2025) · checked 2026-10-07
FMA: MiCAR (relationship between MiCAR and TVTG, transitional period) · checked 2026-10-07
Geldspielgesetz (GSG), LGBl. 2010 Nr. 235, consolidated version 01.01.2026 · checked 2026-10-07