Àwọn ààyè-iṣẹ́

Espania

Spain ni ọkan ninu awọn ti o tobi ju euro-agbegbe banki ọja, ile si ọpọlọpọ awọn agbaye systemically pataki banki ẹgbẹ, pẹlu kan dagba idogo ati fintech agbegbe ni Madrid ati Barcelona. Banks, idogo ati e-owo ile-iwe ni iwe-aṣẹ nipasẹ awọn Banco de España (pẹlu ECB fun awọn banks), nigba ti CNMV ṣetan idoko-owo ile-iṣẹ ati crypto-asset iṣẹ olupese.

Fẹ́là RísikoÀkànṣe

FATFKò wa ní àtòjọ

EU AML àtòjọ àìdájú gigaKò wa ní àtòjọ

Awọn akojọ owo-ori EUKò wa ní àtòjọ

License regimes6

Awọn owo-ìwọ̀nÌwọ̀n

Àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètòA+

Awọn idibo to n bọtòjú 2027

Spain kò wa ni àwọn FATF àwọn àtòjọ-ọ̀wọ́ tabi àwọn àtòjọ-ìwọ̀ (plenary ti 19 Oṣù Kejìlá 2026); bi orilẹ-ede olori EU ni o wa ni inú ààyè àwọn àtòjọ orilẹ-ede kejì tòsí ẹ̀yàn giga EU (Delegated Reg. 2016/1675, tí a fi hàn 29 Oṣù Kejìlá 2026) atí àtòjọ-ìtàwò EU (Annex I, tí a fi hàn 17 Oṣù Kejìlá 2026). Checked 7 October 2026.

Ìjọba àti ìṣàlàyé

Gomina: Àwọn Ìjọba Alábòójútó
Àwọn Ìṣàmúlò-ètò: Felipe VI · lati Oṣù Kejìlá 2014
Àkọlé àwòrán: Pedro Sánchez (Awọn oṣiṣẹ Socialist Party Spanish (PSOE))
Àwọn ààyè-iṣẹ́: Àwọn Ẹgbẹ́ Alábòójútó Aṣàfilọ́lẹ̀ (PSOE), Sumar
Awọn idibo to kẹhin: General (parliamentary), 23 July 2023
Awọn idibo to n bọ: General (parliamentary), due by 2027. Sánchez said the election will be held in 2027; legal deadline falls in summer 2027
Àwọn Ìṣàmúlò-ètò: Cortes Generales: Congress of Deputies (350 seats) ati Senate (265 seats, 208 directly elected)
Siséèsì Ìjọba: Àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò àwọn ẹ̀yàn ilé-ẹ̀yàn

Economics and finance

Awọn eniyan: 49.4m (2025)
Ìjánu-ìsún: USD 1.9tn (2025)
GDP fun ẹni kọọkan: USD 38,290 (2025)
Awọn owo-ìwọ̀n: Euro (EUR)
Central Bank of Nigeria: Banco de España (awọn ẹya ti Eurosystem)
Àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò: S&P A+ (iduroṣinṣin) · Moody's A3 (iduroṣinṣin) · Fitch A (iduroṣinṣin) (bi ti March 2026)

O jẹ orilẹ-ede keji ti o tobi julọ ni agbegbe Euro ati ọkan ninu awọn ti o dagbasoke ni iyara, ti a ṣe nipasẹ irin-ajo, iṣẹ, iṣelọpọ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ati ilera, pẹlu awọn banki nla ti o ṣiṣẹ ni kariaye bii Santander ati BBVA.

Àwọn Irinṣẹ́

Àwọn ààyè-iṣẹ́ banki

Awọn ohun-ini ti o kere juUSD 20.1m

AgbègbèIṣẹ́jú nínú oṣù 6 tí a bá gbá tabi tí a bá fí iparí sí iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, ati ni gbogbo igba nínú oṣù 12; ifẹ́ra jẹ́ pé a kò lè dá (RD 84/2015 art. 3(2))

Awọn Iṣẹ́ECB nípa àgbèkalẹ̀ tí Banco de España

EUR 18 milionu owo-ori ibẹrẹ, ti a san ni kikun ni owo ati ninu awọn ipin ti o fọwọsi (RD 84/2015 art. 4(b)), to ga ju ilẹ EU lọ ti EUR 5 milionu

Àwọn Ìṣẹ́: Ley 10/2014 on credit institutions; Real Decreto 84/2015, arts. 3 (authorisation) and 4(b) (capital); Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 art. 14
Ìfihàn: Ya: EU passport under CRD (Arts. 33 to 39) for branches and cross-border services

Àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò Bọ́tìnì

Awọn owo-ori ti a fipamọ pẹlu Banco de España (tabi awọn owo-ori ijọba ti o ni igbẹkẹle) to tọka si 20% ti iye owo ti o kere julọ nigbati o ba n lo
Awọn adari ti o tọ ati ti o dara julọ ati awọn oludije pataki ti o tọ
Àwọn ààyè-iṣẹ́, ìgbàdálẹ̀ atí ìṣàmúlò-ètò ìròyìn

Sources(3)

BOE: Real Decreto 84/2015 (credit institutions), consolidated text, arts. 3 and 4 · checked 2026-10-07
ECB Banking Supervision: Authorisation (licensing) · checked 2026-10-07
EUR-Lex: Directive 2013/36/EU (CRD), Art. 12 initial capital and Art. 15 decision deadline (consolidated) · checked 2026-10-07

E-owo ile-iṣẹ

Àwọn Ìṣàmúlò-ètò Owo Èròyìn

Awọn ohun-ini ti o kere juUSD 392k

AgbègbèIṣẹ́jú ninú oṣù 3 tí a bá gbá tabi tí a bá fi iparí sí failí; ìfẹ́ jẹ́ pé a kò lè (RD 778/2012 art. 1(2))

Awọn Iṣẹ́Àwọn Ìṣàmúlò-ètò

EUR 350,000 iye owo ti o kere ju ni ibẹrẹ (Ley 21/2011 art. 6), ti a fi kun si awọn owo-ori ti ara ẹni to to

Àwọn Ìṣẹ́: Ley 21/2011 de dinero electrónico, art. 6; Real Decreto 778/2012, art. 1
Ìfihàn: Ya: EU passport ààyè-iṣẹ́ lórí EMD2/PSD2 nínú ìjọba, awáròyìn, oníjádè tàbí ìṣẹ̀dá iṣẹ́ ọ̀fẹ́

Àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò Bọ́tìnì

Ìróyìn SEPBLAC (AML orílẹ̀-èdè) lórí oníṣẹ̀
Àwọn ààyè-iṣẹ́ ìṣàfarawe-ètò nínú ìṣẹ̀dà
Ìṣàfihàn àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò AML/CFT
Ìgbàdálẹ̀ àwọn owó tí a gbà nínú ìṣàfarawe-ìwọ̀n fun owó-ẹ̀yàn

Sources(4)

BOE: Ley 21/2011 de dinero electrónico, consolidated text, art. 6 · checked 2026-10-07
BOE: Real Decreto 778/2012 on e-money institutions, consolidated text, art. 1 · checked 2026-10-07
BOE: Real Decreto-ley 19/2018 on payment services, consolidated text, arts. 11 and 19 · checked 2026-10-07
EUR-Lex: Directive 2009/110/EC (EMD2), Art. 4 initial capital and Art. 5 own funds · checked 2026-10-07

Ààyè-iṣẹ́ iṣẹ́ ifowopamọ́ (PSP)

Àwọn Ìṣàmúlò-ètò

Awọn ohun-ini ti o kere juUSD 140k

AgbègbèIṣẹ̀dá ninú oṣù 3 tí a bá gbá tabi tí a bá fi iparí sí failì; ìfẹ́ jẹ́ pé a kò lè (RDL 19/2018 art. 11(2))

Awọn Iṣẹ́Àwọn Ìṣàmúlò-ètò

EUR 125,000 fun awọn iṣẹ isanwo (a) si (e); EUR 50,000 fun ibẹrẹ isanwo nikan; EUR 20,000 fun gbigbe owo nikan (RDL 19/2018 art. 19)

Àwọn Ìṣẹ́: Real Decreto-ley 19/2018 de servicios de pago, art. 11 (authorisation) and art. 19 (capital)
Ìfihàn: Ya: EU passport under PSD2 Art. 28 (branch, agent or free provision of services)

Àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò Bọ́tìnì

Àkọ́lé SEPBLAC tí a tì kọ̀ nípa àwọn ààyè AML/CFT
Awọn owo-ori ti ara ẹni ti a tọju ni ibamu pẹlu awọn itọka iṣowo, ni afikun si owo-ori akọkọ
Ìdáràn àwọn owó ẹ̀yàn
Ìṣàmúlò-ètò àti ìdáràn

Sources(2)

BOE: Real Decreto-ley 19/2018 on payment services, consolidated text, arts. 11 and 19 · checked 2026-10-07
EUR-Lex: Directive (EU) 2015/2366 (PSD2), Art. 7 initial capital and Art. 12 decision deadline · checked 2026-10-07

Àwọn ààyè-iṣẹ́ ìṣàmúlò-ètò aimọye (VASP)

Ààyè-iṣẹ́ ìgbàdálẹ̀ àwọn àyọkà ìṣàfihàn (CASP) láti inú MiCA

Awọn ohun-ini ti o kere juUSD 56k

AgbègbèMiCA Àkọlé àwòrán 63: àwọn ọjọ́ iṣẹ́ 25 láti ṣàyẹwo ìparí iṣẹ́, kí àwọn ọjọ́ iṣẹ́ 40 láti yá àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò tí a fi kọ́ nípa (aago lè gba padà sípò fún àwọn ibeeré ìròyìn)

Awọn Iṣẹ́CNMV (Banco de España n ṣayẹwo awọn olugba ti awọn owo-iworo e- ati awọn owo-iworo ti a ṣe apejuwe)

MiCA Art. 67 ati Annex IV: EUR 50,000 (klasọ 1: igbimọ-iṣe, fipamọ, awọn iṣẹ gbigbe, gbigba ati ifijiṣẹ, imọran, iṣakoso porfolio), EUR 125,000 (klasọ 2: ṣafikun aabo ati iṣakoso, ati paṣipaarọ fun awọn owo-ori tabi awọn crypto-assets miiran), EUR 150,000 (klasọ 3: ṣafikun ṣiṣẹda oju opo wẹẹbu iṣowo); tabi idaji kan ti ọdun to kẹhin ti a ṣe deede ti o ba ga julọ

Àwọn Ìṣẹ́: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), arts. 59 to 63; Ley 6/2023 designating the CNMV
Ìfihàn: Ya: MiCA ìgbàjójútó lè jẹ́ àgbèkalẹ̀ nínú EU/EEA láti inú ìṣàfihàn (MiCA Àwọn Ìwé-ẹ̀yàn. 65)

Àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò Bọ́tìnì

Ofiisi ti a fọwọsi nile-ẹ̀yàn, ibi ti o kere ju àwọn iṣẹ́ kan wa nibẹ̀, ibi ti o dara ju fun idari nile-ẹ̀yàn ati pe o kere ju oludasile kan wa nile-ẹ̀yàn (MiCA Akọsilẹ 59(2))
Awọn adari ti o tọ ati ti o yẹ, ati awọn oludokoowo to dara
Igbàdálẹ̀ atí ifaramọ́ tí a bá fi pamọ́ nípa àwọn ẹ̀yàn àtí owó, ìṣàfilọ́lẹ̀ àjọṣepọ̀, ààyè-ìṣẹ́
AML/CFT framework ati ifaramọ si Iyipada ti Awọn owo-ori (EU) 2023/1113 irin ajo ofin

Sources(4)

CNMV: MiCA, nueva regulación de criptoactivos · checked 2026-10-07
BOE: Ley 6/2023 de los Mercados de Valores y de los Servicios de Inversión, consolidated text, arts. 131 and 134 · checked 2026-10-07
EUR-Lex: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), Arts. 63, 67, 143 and Annex IV · checked 2026-10-07
ESMA: List of grandfathering periods decided by Member States under Article 143(3) MiCA (version of May 2026) · checked 2026-10-07

Firma idoko-owo

Àwọn iṣẹ́ ile-iṣẹ́ ifowopamọ

Awọn ohun-ini ti o kere juUSD 84k

AgbègbèIṣẹ́jú nínú oṣù 6 tí a bá gbá tabi tí a bá parí fáìlì náà; ifẹ́ tí kò bá jẹ́ bi igbẹ́jọ́ (Àkọ́kọ́ 6/2023, àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò 131(1))

Awọn Iṣẹ́Àwọn Ìṣàfilọ́lẹ̀

IFD Art. 9: EUR 75,000 (igbagbọ ati gbigbe, iṣiṣẹ, iṣakoso porfolio, imọran, fipamọ laisi adehun ile-iṣẹ, pẹlu owo alabara tabi awọn ohun-ini ti o ni); EUR 150,000 (awọn ile-iṣẹ miiran); EUR 750,000 (iṣowo lori akọọlẹ rẹ tabi iforukọsilẹ lori ipilẹ adehun ile-iṣẹ)

Àwọn Ìṣẹ́: Ley 6/2023 de los Mercados de Valores y de los Servicios de Inversión, arts. 131 and 134; Regulation (EU) 2019/2033 (IFR)
Ìfihàn: Ya: MiFID II paṣipaarọ (Arts. 34 ati 35) fun iṣẹ́ àti àwọn ẹ̀yàn

Àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò Bọ́tìnì

Awọn iwulo ile-iṣẹ, owo-iworo, iṣakoso ati eto-ẹkọ inu ti a ṣe nipasẹ ofin
Membership of the investment guarantee fund (fondo de garantía de inversiones)
Ìgbàdálẹ̀ àwọn ìṣẹ́ iṣẹ́ àti AML/CFT àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò
Ifipamọ́ Èròyìn pẹ̀lú CNMV

Sources(2)

BOE: Ley 6/2023 de los Mercados de Valores y de los Servicios de Inversión, consolidated text, arts. 131 and 134 · checked 2026-10-07
EUR-Lex: Directive (EU) 2019/2034 (IFD), Art. 9 initial capital · checked 2026-10-07

Olùgbéejáde ere-idaraya nípa intanẹẹti

Laisínsì ìpelé (licencia general) àti laisínsì ìpelé kan fún ere intanẹ́ẹ̀tì ojú-ìlẹ̀

Awọn ohun-ini ti o kere juA kò fi pamọ́

AgbègbèA kò fi pamọ́

Awọn Iṣẹ́DGOJ (iṣe awọn iṣẹ ti ofin fi ranṣẹ si Comisión Nacional del Juego)

Àwọn Ìṣẹ́: Ley 13/2011 de regulación del juego, arts. 10 (general licences), 11 (singular licences), 13 (operators) and 49 (fees)
Àwọn Irinṣẹ́: Awọn owo iforukọsilẹ ti EUR 10,000 fun iwe-aṣẹ kan; EUR 2,500 fun iforukọsilẹ ni Ile-iṣẹ Gbogbogbo ti awọn iwe-aṣẹ ere idaraya; owo isanwo ọdun kan ti o jẹ 0.75 fun ẹgbẹẹgbẹrun awọn owo-wiwọle ere idaraya (Awọn ofin 13/2011 art. 49(5)); awọn iye le ṣee yipada nipasẹ ofin owo-owo ọdun kan
Ìfihàn: Ko si: awọn iwe-aṣẹ ere Spanish jẹ orilẹ-ede

Àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò Bọ́tìnì

Lísíǹtì àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò gbogbógbò nínú ayẹyẹ́ aládúró (convocatoria); a lè beere fun ayẹyẹ́ tuntun kan láti inú oṣu 18 sínú tí o tì lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ fún irúfẹ̀ ere náà
Àwọn agbẹ́jọrò nìyàn gbọdọ̀ jẹ́ sociedad anonima pẹlú ilé-ìgbàyégbégẹ́ gẹgẹbí idí tí wọn fi ṣé iṣẹ́, lati Spain tàbí EEA, láti inú ẹgbẹ́ kaǹ nínú Spain.
Ìdájọ́ ìmọ̀, ìmọ̀ ilé-iṣẹ́ àti ìmọ̀ owo; kò ní ẹ̀yàn ẹ̀ṣẹ̀ kan, ẹ̀yàn ẹ̀yàn tàbí àwọn ìgbàdálẹ̀ nlà
A fẹ́ ìṣẹ̀dàn kan fún irúfẹ̀ gbogbó àwọn ere nínú ìṣẹ̀dàn ìṣàmúlò-ètò kan; ìṣẹ̀dàn ìṣàmúlò-ètò gbogbó lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ pẹ̀lú àwọn odun 10, tí a lè pàtó fún 10

Sources(2)

BOE: Ley 13/2011 de regulación del juego, consolidated text, arts. 10, 11, 13 and 49 · checked 2026-10-07
Dirección General de Ordenación del Juego (DGOJ) · checked 2026-10-07

Àwọn Aṣàfilọ́lẹ̀

Àwọn Ìṣàfilọ́lẹ̀

Banco de España (BdE) · webu-iweIle-ifowopamọ, Ile-iṣẹ owo-ẹya, Awọn olupese iṣẹ isanwo
Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores (CNMV) · websiteInvestment firms, Virtual asset service providers (VASPs)
Bankí Ààyè-iṣẹ́ Europe (Mekanismò Iṣẹ́ Aṣàfilọ́lẹ̀) (ECB) · wé-ìwé-ìtànIle-ifowopamọ
Dirección General de Ordenación del Juego (DGOJ) · websiteOnline gaming

MiCA: Spain ti lo gbogbo igba 18-oṣú lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́; CNMV sọ̀rọ̀ pé o ti pari ní ọjọ́ 1 Oṣù 2026. Banki banki ilẹ̀ Spani ti milionù 18 Euro ní o ga jú ẹ̀yàn EU lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́. Ẹ̀yàn ile-iṣẹ́ ifowopamọ́ tí a fi kọ́ nínú àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò (Real Decreto tí n ṣe ìṣàmúlò-ètò Leyi 6/2023); àwọn àwọn ààfihàn tí a ṣàfihàn nínú ẹ̀yàn EU IFD atí ẹ̀yàn náà kò pàdè. Iṣẹ́ eré-ìsẹ́ ayelujara nínú ìpelé orilẹ́ẹ̀lì jẹ́ láti DGOJ. A kò rí ọjọ́ tí a fi gba líǹsì DGOJ tí o tílẹ̀ lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.

Àwọn Àtòjọ-ẹ̀yàn Gbogbogbo

Àkóónú Spánjà

Ààyè-iṣẹ́ àwọn ìkúnrégé ilẹ̀. Pétì náà jẹ́ ìṣàfihàn.

Ìbàlẹ̀: Awọn orilẹ-ede ti o ni ijọba
Ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan: Madrid
Agbègbè: 505,370 km²
Awọn ede Ofin: Spanish (Castilian), Catalan (ọ̀pọ̀-ófíìsì régiònù), Galician (ọ̀pọ̀-ófíìsì régiònù), Basque (ọ̀pọ̀-ófíìsì régiònù)
Zone Time: UTC+01:00 (UTC+02:00 nínú igba otutu); Àwọn Ìwọ̀n Canary UTC+00:00

Àwọn àgbéwọlé ìṣàfihàn

awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ
iwosan ti a ṣelọpọ
petroleum ti a ṣe atunṣe
Àwọn ààyè-iṣẹ́
awọn aṣọ
Ìrin-ajó

Àwọn ìṣàfihàn ààyè-iṣẹ́

French
Germany
Portuguese
Ìtaláànì
Àwọn Ìṣàmúlò-ètò

Sources for the country information(7)

Àwọn ìròyìn ààyè-iṣẹ́ orilẹ-ede tí a ṣayẹwo ní ọjọ́ kọkanlá 9, ọdun 2026. Àtòjọ-ẹ̀yàn líǹkì tí a pàṣẹ́ ní ọjọ́ kọkanlá 7, ọdun 2026. Àwọn ìròyìn nikan, kò jẹ́ àgbekalẹ̀ ofin; àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò kùnà. Àkọ́lé àwọn ìṣàmúlò-ètò.

Sources for the licensing information(20)

BOE: Real Decreto 84/2015 (credit institutions), consolidated text, arts. 3 and 4 · checked 2026-10-07
BOE: Ley 21/2011 de dinero electrónico, consolidated text, art. 6 · checked 2026-10-07
BOE: Real Decreto 778/2012 on e-money institutions, consolidated text, art. 1 · checked 2026-10-07
BOE: Real Decreto-ley 19/2018 on payment services, consolidated text, arts. 11 and 19 · checked 2026-10-07
BOE: Ley 6/2023 de los Mercados de Valores y de los Servicios de Inversión, consolidated text, arts. 131 and 134 · checked 2026-10-07
CNMV: MiCA, nueva regulación de criptoactivos · checked 2026-10-07
BOE: Ley 13/2011 de regulación del juego, consolidated text, arts. 10, 11, 13 and 49 · checked 2026-10-07
Dirección General de Ordenación del Juego (DGOJ) · checked 2026-10-07
ECB Banking Supervision: Authorisation (licensing) · checked 2026-10-07
EUR-Lex: Directive 2013/36/EU (CRD), Art. 12 initial capital and Art. 15 decision deadline (consolidated) · checked 2026-10-07
EUR-Lex: Directive 2009/110/EC (EMD2), Art. 4 initial capital and Art. 5 own funds · checked 2026-10-07
EUR-Lex: Directive (EU) 2015/2366 (PSD2), Art. 7 initial capital and Art. 12 decision deadline · checked 2026-10-07
EUR-Lex: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA), Arts. 63, 67, 143 and Annex IV · checked 2026-10-07
EUR-Lex: Directive (EU) 2019/2034 (IFD), Art. 9 initial capital · checked 2026-10-07
ESMA: List of grandfathering periods decided by Member States under Article 143(3) MiCA (version of May 2026) · checked 2026-10-07
FATF: Jurisdictions under Increased Monitoring, 19 June 2026 (FATF site blocks automated access; content confirmed via official government notices below) · checked 2026-10-07
Insurance Commission of The Bahamas: notice reproducing FATF Public Statement of 19 June 2026 on Jurisdictions under Increased Monitoring · checked 2026-10-07
New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs: FATF jurisdictions under increased monitoring and call for action, June 2026 · checked 2026-10-07
EUR-Lex: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675, consolidated version of 29 January 2026 · checked 2026-10-07
European Commission Representation in Luxembourg: EU updates its list of non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes (17 February 2026) · checked 2026-10-07